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OIL: outlook for 2020
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Shaky grounds
December closes quite controversially for oil. US shale production is at the highest levels but not as booming as before. The country’s oil inventories give signs of shrinking here and there. OPEC+ is trying to support the oil price by deepening the output cut, but many predict that’s not enough, not to mention the non-compliance problems within OPEC members. Oil demand for the coming year is another shaky ground. So what will happen to oil prices in 2020? To answer that, we need to examine the factors which dictate that.
Historical perspective
The 20th century was an era of oil as a primary energy resource. That’s the reason why throughout the century its price has been mostly within the corridor of $10-20 per barrel. The demand for it never ceased to expand in line with production. Even the Second World War did not change the flat curve of the price (in fact, it may have solidified it) within the mentioned price range.
Then 70-s came marking the start of the turmoil engulfing the entire Middle East, the biggest area of oil reserves in the world. The global source of fuel was shaken. This forced prices to rise to the levels unseen since the inception of the industry in the XIX century. 70-s, 80-s, and 90-s were the shock years, and although they saw immense oil price volatility, these three decades did not change the foundation of the industry. That is confirmed by the fact that by 2000, the price got back to the area of $20 per barrel.
However, the last 20 years show a different picture. On the monthly chart below, the oil price has been mostly in the area of above $70 per barrel – that is roughly where it is now. The reasons for that were the same that spiked the price in 90% of the cases before – unrest in the Middle East.
Therefore, amid all the manipulations, output cuts and negotiations, the central factor that heavily affects the oil price is a geopolitical situation in the Middle East. As long as there is an underlying potential for state-wide social unrest or military conflict in an oil-producing country of this region, the price will stay supported, even with the decreasing global demand. And the latter, although predicted by many in 2020, will not be as significant as to make the price break below the marked support and alter the marked long-term uptrend.
2020
In the last week of December, Brent has traded at $68 per barrel. On the daily chart, the price is testing the $69-70 resistance, which is a 2019 high. Most of the observers predict that it will perform in 2020 slightly better than it did in 2019 and is not expected to drop below the area of $60.
Whether it will be to that level or not, we cannot know. But we can be sure that a certain drop will take place from the current level. OPEC plans for it, although keeping its optimism for the second part of 2020. EIA and the other observers also expect a decline. Nothing more than $70 or less than $60 has been voiced out so far.
Technically speaking, a downtrend is inevitable at some point. The last 3 months already showed a consistent rise, while December brings consolidation and steeper rise due to the improved US-China trade disposition and global economy. That cannot go on unchecked, and to be fueled, the price needs a more solid ground than just an improved environment. Will it have it? Quite unlikely.
Conclusion
The narrative of OPEC is to prevent the oil price from falling. That means, the price drop is the most expected trend from the cartel's point of view. An upsurge is seen as a very unlikely scenario by most who shared their opinions in the media. Given the numbers mentioned, the current price level of $68 per barrel is right at the top of the expected price corridor for the next year. Based on that, the safest plan would be not to buy, an active one – to sell.
Before you go
You can trade Brent crude oil among other commodities and indexes offered by FBS. In MT4, it is labeled as BRN-20G.
Stay updated and trade wisely!
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